Ludacris, whose real name is Christopher Brian Bridges, celebrated Christmas and rang in the New Year in Gabon, where he received the citizenship.
The rapper's wife Eudoxie Mbouguiengue is Gabonese.
A video uploaded on Twitter shows Ludacris with his Gabonese passport and confirming his mother and two daughters also obtained the citizenship of the small, oil-rich Central African nation.
In recent years a number African-American celebrities have received African citizenship or travelled to Africa to trace their roots.