Theresa May will formally begin the Brexit process by the end of March 2017, she has told the BBC.
The PM's announcement on triggering Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty - which begins the formal negotiation process - means the UK looks set to leave the EU by the summer of 2019.
Mrs May also promised a bill to remove the European Communities Act 1972 from the statute book.
She said this would make the UK an "independent, sovereign nation".
The repeal of the 1972 Act will not take effect until the UK leaves the EU under Article 50.
It will be contained in a "Great Repeal Bill", promised in the next Queen's Speech, which will also enshrine all existing EU law into British law.
This will allow the government to seek to keep, amend or cancel any legislation once Brexit has been completed. The repeal bill will also end the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice in the UK.
Brexit campaigners have been calling for Article 50 - which begins a two-year negotiation process - to be triggered as soon as possible.
Mrs May, who had previously only said she would not trigger it this year, will be making a speech on Brexit later to the Conservative conference, which is getting under way in Birmingham.
Speaking on The Andrew Marr Show, she ended speculation about the government's timetable, saying this would be done by "the first quarter of 2017".