The world No 1, who had won the pair's only previous meeting at Indian Wells in 2013, has endured her travails in the opening week in Melbourne, she suffered an ankle injury in her first-round victory, but remains in with a chance of a maiden Grand Slam title.
Halep, 26, served for the match on three separate occasions in the decider but was pushed all the way by her unseeded American opponent in a 4-6 6-4 15-13 victory, which lasted three hours and 44 minutes.