The 41-year-old said in a statement he had an operation to alleviate "ongoing pain in his back and leg".
"The surgery went well, and I'm optimistic this will relieve my back spasms and pain," the 14-time major winner announced on his official website.
"When healed, I look forward to getting back to a normal life, playing with my kids, competing in professional golf and living without the pain I have been battling so long."
Woods has not played competitively since withdrawing from the Dubai Desert Classic at the start of February due to back spasms.
