University of California

The papers seek to explain why Sputnik Planitia -- a 1,000 kilometer-wide, nitrogen-covered basin in Pluto's heart-shaped northern region -- is permanently aligned with the dwarf planet's moon Charon.

The first paper, from the University of Arizona,suggests that Sputnik Planitia filled with ice and altered tidal forces between Pluto and Charon.

But confusion about the difference between added sugar and naturally-occurring sugar, as well as the way foods are marketed and labeled, have created a food environment in which people aren’t quite sure how much added sugar they’re actually eating — much less how to strategize ways to lower those numbers.