Nikolai Pankov announced a review of the decision to close the two bases more than a decade ago.
The two served as pivots of Soviet military power during the Cold War.
It comes amid growing tensions between the US and Russia, and as Russia's parliament approved a longer term military presence at a Syrian airbase.
Mr Pankov told the Russian parliament on Friday they were "dealing with the issue" of the two bases, Russian news agencies reported.
He declined to go into detail.